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LearnThe Madinah Arabic Course › Lesson 7

The Madinah Arabic Course · Book One Foundation
Lesson 7

Feminine Demonstratives with Shaddah Rules

هذه مع أحكام الشدة

A deeper practice of هَذِهِ and تِلْكَ with more vocabulary, plus a focus on shaddah the doubling marker that intensifies a consonant and changes both sound and meaning.

New Feminine Vocabulary

ArabicTransliterationMeaning
غُرْفَةghurfaroom (f)
شَجَرَةshajaratree (f)
نَافِذَةnāfidhawindow (f)
لَوْحَةlawḥaboard / painting (f)
نَظِيفَةnaẓīfaclean (f adjective)
قَدِيمَةqadīmaold / ancient (f adjective)
جَدِيدَةjadīdanew (f adjective)

The Shaddah ّ

Shaddah (ّ) doubles a consonant the letter is held twice as long. In the definite article, sun letters take a shaddah when الـ precedes them (the lām merges). The shaddah also appears in verb roots to mark Form II intensity: كَسَرَ (he broke) → كَسَّرَ (he shattered).

Listen carefully: الشَّجَرَةُ there is no "l" sound audible, and the "sh" is doubled: ash-SHA-jara. This is among the most important pronunciation features of Arabic.

هَذِهِ الْغُرْفَةُ نَظِيفَةٌ تِلْكَ الشَّجَرَةُ كَبِيرَة Hādhihi l-ghurfatu naẓīfatun Tilka sh-shajaratu kabīra This room is clean. That tree is big.
هَذِهِ النَّافِذَةُ جَدِيدَةٌ تِلْكَ اللَّوْحَةُ قَدِيمَة Hādhihi n-nāfidhatu jadīdatun Tilka l-lawḥatu qadīma This window is new. That board is old. (nūn and lām are sun letters)

Sample Dialogue

أ: كَيْفَ هَذِهِ الْغُرْفَةُ؟ ب: هَذِهِ الْغُرْفَةُ نَظِيفَةٌ وَكَبِيرَةٌ. أ: وَتِلْكَ؟ ب: تِلْكَ الْغُرْفَةُ صَغِيرَةٌ وَقَدِيمَة. A: Kayfa hādhihi l-ghurfa? B: Hādhihi l-ghurfatu naẓīfatun wa-kabīra. A: Wa-tilka? B: Tilka l-ghurfatu ṣaghīratun wa-qadīma. A: How is this room? B: This room is clean and big. A: And that one? B: That room is small and old.

Pronunciation Focus

Practice the shaddah contrast: غُرْفَة vs الْغُرْفَة the ghayn (غ) is a moon letter, so the lām stays: al-ghurfa. Then: شَجَرَة vs الشَّجَرَة shīn is a sun letter, so the lām doubles the shīn: ash-shajara. Alternate between them until the distinction is automatic.

  • Shaddah on sun letters after الـ: الشَّجَرَة = ash-shajara, not "al-shajara."
  • Adjective agreement: نَظِيفَة (f clean) matches غُرْفَة (f room); نَظِيف (m clean) for masculine nouns.
  • The pattern هَذِهِ/تِلْكَ + definite noun + adjective = complete descriptive sentence, no verb needed.
  • كَيْفَ؟ (kayfa = how?) question for describing quality, answered with adjectives.
  • صَغِيرَة (ṣaghīra = small, f) opposite of كَبِيرَة (kabīra = big, f). Learn antonyms together.

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