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Tafsīr Ibn Kathīr The Complete Qurʾān Commentary · Juzʾ Tabārak and Juzʾ ʿAmma Surahs 67–114
Lesson 99

Sūrah Az-Zalzalah The Earthquake

سورة الزلزلة

A Madīnan sūrah of 8 verses describing the final earthquake of the Day of Judgment the earth shaking, disgorging its burdens, telling its news, and every person seeing the exact weight of their good and evil, down to the weight of an atom.

Surah Overview

DetailInformationClassificationSignificance
SurahالزلزلةMadanī 8 versesThe earth as witness on the Day of Judgment
Core MessageEvery atom of good and evil will be seen and weighedEschatologicalNo deed however small escapes divine record
Ibn Kathīr FocusEarth as witness reporting its newsTafsīr of yawmaʾidhin tuḥaddithEarth speaks of every deed done on its surface by Allah's command
Key Verseمِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْرًا يَرَهُMithqāla dharratin khayran yarahAn atom's weight of good he will see and of evil he will see

Key Themes from Ibn Kathīr

The earth will quake its most violent final quake, disgorge everything buried within it bodies, minerals, everything and mankind will stand scattered asking "What is wrong with it?" Then the earth will report its akhbār (news): every deed done on its surface, good or evil, witnessed. Ibn Kathīr cites the ḥadīth that the earth will testify against every person for what they did on its soil a powerful image of creation as witness.

The final two verses are among the most comprehensive in the Quran on accountability: man will see his deeds separated into categories whoever did an atom's weight of good sees it, whoever did an atom's weight of evil sees it. Ibn Kathīr records the ḥadīth that this sūrah is equivalent to half the Quran in its comprehensive coverage of recompense. He also cites ʿAbdullāh ibn ʿAmr's story of how these final verses transformed his worship when explained by the Prophet .

يَوْمَئِذٍ تُحَدِّثُ أَخْبَارَهَا ۝ بِأَنَّ رَبَّكَ أَوْحَىٰ لَهَا Yawmaʾidhin tuḥadduthu akhbārahā bi-anna rabbaka awḥā lahā "That Day it will report its news because your Lord has inspired it" (99:4–5) Ibn Kathīr: the earth will literally speak, reporting every deed committed on it, because Allah will give it speech by divine command (waḥy to creation).
فَمَن يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْرًا يَرَهُ ۝ وَمَن يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ شَرًّا يَرَهُ Fa-man yaʿmal mithqāla dharratin khayran yarah wa-man yaʿmal mithqāla dharratin sharran yarah "Whoever does an atom's weight of good will see it, and whoever does an atom's weight of evil will see it" (99:7–8) the most precise statement of divine accounting in the Quran.
  • The Final Earthquake: The greatest seismic event in history the earth shaking to its absolute limit, disgorging all it contains, as the prelude to judgment.
  • Earth as witness: The ground itself will speak by Allah's command, reporting every prayer prayed, every sin committed, every charity given on its surface.
  • Atom-weight accounting: The scale of judgment goes down to the dharrah (atom) no deed is too small to be recorded, seen, and weighed.
  • Both directions: The atom of good AND the atom of evil are both seen neither the optimist who dismisses small sins nor the despairer who ignores small goods is correct.
  • Half the Quran: Ibn Kathīr records the prophetic statement that this sūrah covers half of the Quran's essential message the completeness of divine accounting.

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